Eni S.p.A. sustainability score: 19/100

Eni reports Scope 1 operated emissions at 31.1 MtCO₂eq for 2024, verified under CSRD with external assurance. Multi-year GHG Protocol methodology with granular sector breakdown exists. Score reflects disclosure quality, not absolute scale of impact.

Eni quantifies Scope 3 Category 11 (use of sold products) using IPIECA methodology on equity basis from 2018 baseline of 505 MtCO₂eq. Full value chain mapping across all 15 GHG Protocol Scope 3 categories remains limited. Lifecycle approach present but incomplete.

Scope 1+2 down 37% vs 2018; Scope 1+2+3 only ~0.8% lower year-on-year and 22% below 2018 baseline. Some reduction driven by asset sales (Nigeria, Congo) rather than operational decarbonization. Net Carbon Intensity declined ~4%, indicating limited structural change.

Eni consumed 92.7 million MWh total energy in 2024; renewable consumption at 587,259 MWh represents 0.6% of total. While renewable consumption grew 62% year-on-year, absolute proportion remains trivial. Not an RE100 member. Core operations overwhelmingly fossil-powered.

Amnesty International documented serious negligence by Eni subsidiary NAOC: ~820 spills 2014–2017 in Niger Delta. State reports describe 110,000 barrels spilled over 50 years, devastating mangrove forests. While onshore Nigerian operations sold, historical ecosystem damage is severe and ongoing impacts remain.

Eni operates environmental remediation subsidiary (Eni Rewind) and converts refineries to biorefineries (Venice, Gela). Enilive reached 1.65 Mt biorefining capacity with 5 Mt/year 2030 target. Core business remains extraction-based and linear. Circularity claims around biorefineries are partial.

Eni monitors water consumption, is CEO Water Mandate signatory, and set water positivity target for 30% of operated sites in water-stressed areas by 2035. Eni Rewind operates treatment plants. However, oil and gas operations are inherently water-intensive; documented oil spill contamination of Niger Delta waterways represents severe water pollution.

Eni targets 80% Scope 1+2+3 reduction by 2040 and net zero by 2050, but lacks SBTi validation (SBTi paused oil and gas commitments). Plenitude relies on 3.14 MtCO₂eq offsets in 2024. Strategy positions gas as 'bridge fuel' with continued fossil expansion. Targets lack independent credibility.

Eni publishes CSRD-compliant Sustainability Statement and 'Eni for' report (19th edition 2024). Executive compensation 35% weighted to environmental sustainability. Scope 1+2 emissions subject to reasonable assurance. Board-level oversight exists. InfluenceMap notes Eni fails to disclose key climate policy advocacy instances.

Eni received €5M greenwashing fine from Italy's AGCM for 'Eni Diesel+' misleading claims (later overturned on appeal). Greenpeace Italy and ReCommon climate lawsuit cleared by Italy's Supreme Court to proceed on merits—alleging Eni knew of climate risks since 1970 but continued fossil expansion. Eni filed counter-SLAPP. InfluenceMap score 49%. Eni advocated prolonging fossil gas, signed Antwerp Declaration against EU Green Deal, lobbied to weaken EU Methane Regulation.